Introduction

Athletics is a sport practiced in different disciplines these are sprints, middle-distance, and long-distance, route racing, cross country races, relays, jumps, throwing, combined events and racewalking. There in track and field. Athletics is an individual sport except the relays, whick are a small group of four athletes that have to pass the batton to each other with out them dropping it. Athletics is one of the most common sports in the world. Competitions are conducted on two types of tracks.In winter, athletes compete on an indoor 200m track,that makes some races a bit shorter. In the summer the athletes move out onto a 400m track, it's double the length, and the races are also longer.

Races

In track there are different types of disciplines. Races of short distances or sprints are those that require more speed. At those who belong the 60m, 100m, 200m and 400m the last three are performed at the Olympic Games and the 60m only run in indoor. The middle distance races are the 800m, 1500m and 3000m are very hard events due to the combination of speed and resistance at the same time. Long-distance races are pure resistance; the physical condition of an athlete should be well worked for it, as the mind as it is very hard event, these are the 5000m and 10000m. Four athletes are combining to spend the baton within a certain zone; there are two types of relays 4x100m and 4x400m. Out of the track there are two types of racing, the road racing and the cross country races.

Hurdles, steeplechases and recewalking

One of the more technical events are hurdles, are needed speed and much coordination at the same time, at the time when pass the hurdle. In winter, the event most practiced is the 60m hurdle and in the summer season the distances change; 100m hurdles only practice in the modality female, for other side the 110m hurdles is only for the male category and 400m hurdles are as much as for male or female. The steeplechases are similar to the hurdles but distances are longer and one of the steeplechase barrier is followed by a pit of water, the distance is 3000m. The racewalking are similar to walk but can't bend your knees, the women only do the 20km and men also do the 50km.

Jumping and throwing

There are four types of jumps, two of these jumps are practiced into a pit filled with finely ground gravel or sand; the long jump is a track event in which athletes combine speed, strength, and agility in an attempt to leap as far from possible and the triple jump implies a whereby the competitor runs down the track and performs a hop, a step and then a jump into the sand pit. In the high jump competitors must jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without the aid of certain devices not as in the pole vaulting that athletes uses a long, flexible pole as an aid to leap over a bar and fall down in the mat. There are several types of throwing. The shot put is a throwing a heavy ball as far as possible. The discus throw is an event in which an athlete throws a heavy discus in an attempt to mark a farther distance than his or her competitors. The hammer throw is an event where the object is to throw a heavy metal ball attached to a wire and handle. The javelin throw is one throw where the athlete thrown an object called javelin.

Events combined

A complete athlete can combine different events and so prepare for the events combined. Consist of different events runs, throws and jumps. The Outdoor Heptathlon only is for women consist in 7 events: 100m hurdles, high jump, shot put, 200m, long jump, javelin throw, 800m and Indoor Heptathlon only for men, the events are very similar but change the distances and some events: 60m, long jumps, shot put, high jump, 60m hurdles, pole vaulting, 1000m. In the decathlon there are more events 10 in total. The events both for men as for women are the same 100m, high jump, shot put, long jump, 400m, 110/100m hurdles, discus throw, pole vaulting, javelin throw and 1500m.